Early European settlement

Question 1

When did European settlement of Australia begin?

Accepted Answer

When the First Fleet arrived from Great Britain on 26 January 1788. European settlement started with the arrival of the First Fleet from Great Britain on 26 January 1788. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

When Captain Cook first sighted the east coast in 1770

Answer

When the colonies federated in 1901

Question 2

The First Fleet arrived in Australia on 26 January 1788. Where had it sailed from?

Accepted Answer

Great Britain. The First Fleet came from Great Britain, arriving on 26 January 1788. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

The Netherlands

Answer

The United States

Question 3

Which event marks the start of European settlement in Australia?

Accepted Answer

The arrival of the First Fleet from Great Britain on 26 January 1788. European settlement began on 26 January 1788 with the First Fleet’s arrival from Great Britain. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

The first meeting of the Commonwealth Parliament

Answer

The signing of the Australian Constitution

Question 4

How many ships made up the First Fleet?

Accepted Answer

11. The First Fleet was made up of the first 11 convict ships. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

6

Answer

26

Question 5

What was the First Fleet?

Accepted Answer

The first 11 convict ships that brought settlers from Great Britain in 1788. The First Fleet was the first 11 convict ships, which arrived from Great Britain on 26 January 1788. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

The naval fleet that defended Australia in the Second World War

Answer

The ships that brought free settlers from Ireland in the 1840s

Question 6

At the time of early European settlement, why was Britain looking for somewhere to send convicts?

Accepted Answer

British jails could not hold the large number of people imprisoned for crimes. British jails were overcrowded and could not hold the number of people imprisoned for crimes. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

Britain needed soldiers to defend its Pacific territory

Answer

Britain wanted to start a gold mining industry

Question 7

What problem in Britain led to convicts being transported to Australia?

Accepted Answer

The jails were full and could not hold everyone imprisoned for crimes. British jails could not cope with the number of people imprisoned, so convicts were transported. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

A war with the Netherlands over trade routes

Answer

There were not enough people willing to migrate freely

Question 8

Which of these best explains the origin of the convict colony in New South Wales?

Accepted Answer

Overcrowded British jails meant Britain needed a new place to send prisoners. The colony began because British jails were overcrowded and Britain decided to transport convicts to New South Wales. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

The colony was founded to mine gold discovered in 1788

Answer

Britain wanted to establish a farming colony staffed by volunteers

Question 9

Where did the British Government decide to transport convicts?

Accepted Answer

The new colony of New South Wales. The British Government decided to transport convicts to the new colony of New South Wales. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

The island of Tasmania only

Answer

The Torres Strait Islands

Question 10

Who decided that convicts would be sent to New South Wales?

Accepted Answer

The British Government. It was a decision of the British Government to transport convicts to the new colony of New South Wales. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

The colonial parliaments of Australia

Answer

The Aboriginal peoples of the Sydney region

Question 11

Which statement about the founding of the New South Wales colony is correct?

Accepted Answer

The British Government chose to establish it as a place to transport convicts. The British Government decided to found New South Wales as a colony to receive transported convicts. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

It was established by the Dutch and later taken over by Britain

Answer

It was created by a vote of the Australian colonies

Question 12

Who was the first Governor of the colony of New South Wales?

Accepted Answer

Captain Arthur Phillip. Captain Arthur Phillip was the first Governor of the colony of New South Wales. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

Captain James Cook

Answer

Sir Edmund Barton

Question 13

Captain Arthur Phillip is remembered as:

Accepted Answer

the first Governor of the colony of New South Wales. Captain Arthur Phillip led the First Fleet and became the first Governor of New South Wales. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

the leader of the Eureka Stockade

Answer

the explorer who first mapped the east coast of Australia

Question 14

Which role did Captain Arthur Phillip hold in early colonial Australia?

Accepted Answer

First Governor of the colony of New South Wales. Arthur Phillip was the first Governor of New South Wales — a colonial post, not a national one (the Commonwealth came later, in 1901). (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

First Governor-General of Australia

Answer

First Chief Justice of the High Court

Question 15

What happened after the colony of New South Wales survived and developed?

Accepted Answer

More colonies were established in other parts of Australia. Once New South Wales survived and developed, more colonies were established elsewhere in Australia. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

New South Wales was returned to British military control

Answer

Convict transportation to Australia increased sharply

Question 16

How did the other Australian colonies come about?

Accepted Answer

They were established after New South Wales survived and developed. The other colonies were established after New South Wales had proved it could survive and grow. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

They were created by the Commonwealth Parliament after 1901

Answer

They were all founded at the same time as New South Wales in 1788

Question 17

Which sequence reflects how European colonies spread across Australia?

Accepted Answer

New South Wales was founded first, then more colonies followed as it succeeded. New South Wales came first; other colonies were established across Australia after it survived and developed. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

The colonies were founded by separate European powers and later sold to Britain

Answer

Federation in 1901 came first, then the colonies were created

Question 18

Where did Australia’s early free settlers come from?

Accepted Answer

Great Britain and Ireland. Early free settlers came from Great Britain and Ireland. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

Germany and the Netherlands

Answer

China and India

Question 19

Aside from convicts, who were the earliest settlers to come to the Australian colonies?

Accepted Answer

Free settlers from Great Britain and Ireland. The early free settlers — those who were not convicts — came from Great Britain and Ireland. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

Refugees from continental Europe

Answer

Free settlers from southern Europe

Question 20

Which statement about the origins of early Australian settlers is correct?

Accepted Answer

Both convicts and early free settlers came mainly from Great Britain and Ireland. Early free settlers, like the convicts before them, came mainly from Great Britain and Ireland. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

Early free settlers were drawn mostly from other European colonies

Answer

Convicts came from Britain but free settlers came from Asia

Question 21

Which heritage has had a major influence on Australia’s recent history, culture and politics?

Accepted Answer

British and Irish heritage. British and Irish heritage has had a major influence on Australia’s recent history, culture and politics. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

Spanish and Portuguese heritage

Answer

North American heritage

Question 22

Why do Australia’s legal and political systems resemble Britain’s?

Accepted Answer

British and Irish heritage strongly shaped Australia’s history, culture and politics. British and Irish heritage has been a major influence on Australia’s recent history, culture and politics, including its institutions. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

The systems were designed by the United Nations

Answer

Australia copied its system from the United States

Question 23

Which statement best reflects the influence of British and Irish heritage on Australia?

Accepted Answer

It shaped much of Australia’s language, law, institutions and political culture. British and Irish heritage has had a major and lasting influence across Australia’s history, culture and politics. (Our Common Bond, Part 1)

Answer

It affected sport and food but not government

Answer

Its influence ended when Federation occurred in 1901

Early European settlement

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When did European settlement of Australia begin?